Frage nach dem Befinden einer vertrauten Person.
Question about how a close person is feeling.
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See how the word “Wie geht es dir” is used in sentences
Hallo Anna, wie geht es dir heute? — Hi Anna, how are you today?
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Download the app for free German vocabulary testLiterally “how goes it to you” — impersonal, with the person in the dative. That is why it is dir informally and Ihnen formally, and why there is no subject to move around.
The important difference from English is that this is a real question. Where how are you expects fine, thanks and nothing more, a German may answer at length and honestly, including the bad parts. Asking it casually and then walking on strikes Germans as odd. In speech it contracts to Wie geht's?
na? well?
The greeting proper. If you do not actually want a report, this is the safer opening.
wie geht es Ihnen how are you — formal
The dative pronoun is the only thing that changes, and getting it wrong is the classic slip.
es geht it's all right
The lukewarm answer: neither good nor bad, and a German will hear the reservation in it.
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